How do new energy pure electric vehicle dissipate heat?
As an important part of electric vehicles, power batteries account for more than 70%of the cost of electric vehicles, while electric vehicles are still more sensitive to temperature during use. The normal working temperature of the battery is between 0 and 60 degrees. Regardless of whether the battery temperature is too low or too high, it will cause the discharge capacity of the power battery to deteriorate, and long -term low temperature or high temperature work will also shorten the service life of the power battery. So how does electric vehicles dissipate heat?
According to the way of heat transfer, the cooling of electric vehicles can be divided into two types, one is heat conduction and the other is heat radiation.
The common heat conduction cooling mode is liquid cooling mode and direct cooling mode, and the heat radiation mode can be divided into natural cooling and air forced cooling.
So let's take a look at how these cooling methods work and what are the differences?
Natural cooling and air forced cooling
Whether it is natural cooling or air forced cooling, in fact, the cooling medium is the same, and the air medium is used to take away the heat. Because the temperature of power battery is higher than the temperature of the surrounding air when it is working, the battery will radiate heat outward at this time, and this part of the heat can be transferred to the air through the flow of air. Natural cooling is to take away the heat after the vehicle is driving, and the air-cooled system has a cooling fan forced to ventilate the power battery pack. In contrast, the cooling effect is better than the natural cooling effect, but if you want air flow, there must be sufficient gaps inside the power battery, which also causes the volume design of the power battery to be affected and the battery energy density is low.
Water cooling method
This cooling method uses liquid as the heat transfer medium. At present, most vehicles use the traditional antifreeze mainly composed of ethylene glycol, but in order to improve the service life will generally do deion treatment.
And this liquid cooling method, in addition to the power battery can be cooled, but also through the PTC heating system to heat the power battery.
So this kind of liquid cooling system can not be called the cooling system of the battery, called the thermal management system of the battery will be more accurate. Structurally, the cooling pipes are laid inside the power battery, and the cooling liquid is transported to the radiator through the water pump and then the heat is distributed out of the car through the radiator.
Refrigeration
This method has better heat dissipation efficiency than the liquid cooling method. The temperature of the liquid-cooled method is generally slightly higher than the ambient temperature, but the refrigeration method can directly use the air-conditioning system to refrigerate to achieve heat exchange.
The cooling of electric vehicles is mainly concentrated on the cooling of the power battery system. At present, the mainstream uses this kind of liquid-cooled method, but with the changes of the battery material and the change of the battery design, more cooling methods may be used in the future.
Sinda Thermal is professional thermal expert, we are offering many thermal solutions and heat sinks to the global customers, we can design the optimized performance heat sinks and manufacture them in house, our factory owns over 100 employees and many precise facilities and equipment. Please contact us freely if you have any thermal requirements.
